SELEKTIVITAS DAN PENILAIAN KUALITAS INFORMASI PERTANIAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF GENDER
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Abstract
Farmers (male and female) of organic vegetables always need agricultural information. The term information in communication is the actual degree of freedom in a selecting signals, symbols, messages and patterns to be transferred. Selectivity is the ability to select agricultural information based on needs. The objectives of this research were (1) to identify the characteristics of male and female farmers, selectivity over agricultural information and communication channels, evaluation of information qualityand use of information and communication channels, and evaluation of information quality and the use of agricultural information. The study was conducted in the District of Megamendung in Bogor Regency and District of Pacet in Cianjur Regency. The relationships between the variables were analyzed with the rank Spearman Method. The result showed that age of both genders range from 19 to 69 years. Their farmland varies from 0.01 to 2 ha, and the maximum natural farming experience is 40 years. Both genders are active in getting information and discussing it with fellows, traders and families. The control of information is dominant on males as heads of families. The agricultural information often sought by men is on the environmental aspect, while the aspect of harvest are looked for by women. The personal channel is still dominant for both genders to find information. Both genders were critical in evaluating the information and would say that information was relevant, easy to understand, could friendly but less attractive source. Among men the information on all aspects and from personal channels and media would useful for them. Among women, the useful information for them is one that can solve problems and bring benefits, and particularly that is obtained from the group channel.
Petani (laki-laki dan perempuan) sayuran organik selalu membutuhkan informasi tentang pertanian. Istilah informasi dalam komunikasi merupakan tingkat kebebasan bagi sebuah sinyal-sinyal, simbol-simbol, pesan dan pola terpilih untuk ditransfer. Selektivitas merupakan kemampuan untuk menyaring informasi pertanian sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik dari petani laki-laki dan perempuan, selektivitas terhadap informasi pertanian dan saluran komunikasi, evaluasi terhadap kualitas informasi dan penggunaan informasi pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan
Megamendung di Kabupaten Bogor dan kecamatan Pacet di Kabupaten Cianjur. Hubungan antar variabel dianalisis dengan metode ranking Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usia responden untuk kedua gender berkisar antara 19-69 tahun. Tanah perkebunan mereka berkisar antara 0.01-2 ha, dan pengalaman bertani maksimal 40 tahun. Kedua gender aktif dalam menerima informasi dan mendiskusikannya dengan petani lain, pedagang, dan keluarga. Kontrol informasi dominan pada laki-laki sebagai kepala keluarga. Informasi pertanian yang sering dicari oleh laki-laki berkaitan dengan aspek lingkungan, sementara aspek tentang panen dicari oleh perempuan. Saluran komunikasi pribadi tetap dominan pada kedua gender untuk mencari informasi. Kedua gender kritis dalam mengevaluasi informasi dan akan berpendapat apakah suatu informasi relevan, mudah dimengerti, bisa jadi sebuah sumber bersahabat namun kurang menarik. Para laki-laki memandang informasi tentang semua aspek dan dari saluran komunikasi pribadi dan media sangat berguna bagi mereka. Sementara para perempuan berpendapat informasi yang berguna bagi mereka yaitu informasi yang dapat memecahkan masalah dan membawa manfaat, dan khususnya yang didapat dari saluran komunikasi kelompok.
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