MEDIA BARU, BUDAYA POLITIK DAN PARTISIPASI POLITIK (Survei Pemilih di Jambi, Babel dan Jakarta Mengenai Aktifitas Komunikasi Politik Melalui Media Baru)
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Abstract
This research tries to answer problems regarding phenomenon of political culture, and political participation of the peoples by using new media (population based on data in regional commission for general election). By survey, this research shows that there is variety of political culture in the three of research location. But, the over all inclination, the political culture is participant. Other finding is that there is vartiety of political participation as well. It shows that there is difference of political participation typology, specially apathetic one. The respondent proportion is different to each other but dominant, specially in Pangkal Pinang. Phenomenon of the same political typology in the three research locations is spectator one. Respondents in this typology become second dominant respondents in every location. Statistically, the relationship of those two variables is not significant. Relationship notations as follow: in Jakarta, X2 = 1,1857, df 3, p > α 0,05 (7,815). In Pangkal Pinang, X2 = 5,330, df 6, p > α 0,05 (12,592), in Jambi X2 = 2,0063, df 4, p > α 0,05 (9,488).
Keywords : New Media; Political Culture; Participation Culture.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini berupaya menjawab persoalan menyangkut fenomena budaya politik dan partisipasi politik terkait penggunaan media baru oleh masyarakat (para anggota masyarakat yang secara sampling terpilih dari populasi pemilih menurut data KPUD). Dengan metode survai, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa memang terdapat keragaman budaya politik di tiga lokasi penelitian namun dengan satu kecenderungan di mana responden umumnya secara over all sudah memiliki budaya politik partisipan. Temuan lain yaitu bahwa fenomena partisipasi politik itu memang bervariasi adanya. Secara over all memperlihatkan bahwa di lokasi itu cenderung adanya perbedaan tipologi terkait dengan gejala partisipasi dimaksud. Perbedaan itu terutama menyangkut responden yang bertipologi apatis. Proporsi responden yang demikian berbeda jumlahnya di setiap lokasi, namun jadi bagian responden yang menonjol. Paling banyak dijumpai di Pangkal Pinang. Sedang tipologi politik lain yang cenderung sama gejalanya di tiga lokasi penelitian, yaitu tipologi Spektator. Responden bertipologi ini menjadi kelompok responden terbesar kedua di setiap lokasi penelitian. Secara statistik hubungan kedua variabel tidak signifikan. Notasi hubungan tersebut yaitu : Di Jakarta, X2 = 1,1857, df 3, p > α 0,05 (7,815). Di Pangkal Pinang , X2 = 5,330, df 6, p > α 0,05 (12,592). Di Jambi X2 =2,0063, df 4, p > α 0,05 (9,488).
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