Studi Kebijakan Perlindungan Data Pribadi dengan Narrative Policy Framework: Kasus Serangan Siber Selama Pandemi Covid-19 (A Narrative Policy Framework Analysis of Data Privacy Policy: A Case of Cyber Attacks During the Covid-19 Pandemic)

Main Article Content

Ratnadi Hendra Wicaksana
Adis Imam Munandar
Palupi Lindiasari Samputra

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 telah memberikan peluang bagi para penjahat siber untuk meningkatkan intensitas serangannya. Akibatnya, keamanan data pribadi menjadi terancam. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis kebijakan perlindungan data pribadi melalui metode Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). Di dalam analisis ini dilakukan benchmarking antara kebijakan perlindungan data pribadi di Indonesia dengan best practice di Inggris Raya dan Malaysia, khususnya dalam situasi new normal. Tujuannya untuk mendapatkan solusi kebijakan yang memperkuat perlindungan keamanan data pribadi di Indonesia dalam menghadapi serangan siber di masa new normal. Hasil penelitia-n menunjukkan adanya karakter hero, dalam bentuk regulasi komprehensif tentang perlindungan data pribadi yang telah lama diterapkan oleh Inggris Raya dan Malaysia. Di Indonesia, peran dari karakter hero belum cukup kuat karena adanya villain dalam bentuk ketiadaan regulasi terpadu untuk perlindungan data pribadi dari ancaman serangan siber. Victim dari villain tersebut adalah keamanan data pribadi dan data pelaku industri. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka kebijakan yang dapat diambil adalah: (1) mempercepat pengesahan RUU perlindungan data pribadi, (2) menyediakan regulasi khusus yang menangani keamanan siber dan kejahatan kriminal siber, (3) membangun ekosistem penanganan keamanan siber lintassektor, (4) meningkatkan kesadaran dan kapasitas SDM terkait keamanan siber.
Dimensions

Article Details

Section
Articles
Author Biographies

Ratnadi Hendra Wicaksana, Kementerian Kominfo, Universitas Indonesia

Mahasiswa S2 Intelligence Studies, Universitas Indonesia

Analis Kebijakan di Kementerian Kominfo

Adis Imam Munandar, Universitas Indonesia

Dosen Tetap pada Universitas Indonesia

References

Ardiyanti, Handrini. 2014. “Cyber-Security dan Tantangan Pengembangannya di Indonesia”. Jurnal Politica Dinamika Masalah Politik Dalam Negeri dan Hubungan Internasional. Vol.5 No. 1.

Bank Indonesia. 2018. “Hasil Survei BI Tahun 2018”. Seminar Daring Lindungi Data Pribadimu Dari Kejahatan Pembajakan One Time Password (OTP). Departemen Pengembangan UMKM dan Perlindungan Konsumen, bahan tayang.

Björck F., Henkel M., Stirna J., Zdravkovic J. 2015. “Cyber Resilience – Fundamentals for a Definition”. In: Rocha A., Correia A., Costanzo S., Reis L. (eds) New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Vol 353. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16486-1_31.

Christensen, Clayton M., Rory McDonald, Elizabeth J. Altman, and Jonathan E. Palmer. 2018. “Disruptive Innovation: An Intellectual History and Directions for Future Research”. Special Issue on Managing in the Age of Disruptions. Journal of Management Studies. Vol.55. No.7.

Dewi Rosadi, Sinta. 2015. Cyber Law: Aspek Data Privasi Menurut Hukum Internasional, Regional, dan Nasional. Bandung: Refika Aditama.

FireEye. 2020. APT41, Double Dragon, a dual espionage and cyber crime operation. Special Report. https://www.fireeye.com/blog/threat-research/2019/08/apt41-dual-espionage-and-cyber-crime-operation.html. Diakses 10 November 2020.

French, K., Shanahan, E. A., et.al. 2017.”Narrative Frames and Settings in Policy Narratives”. The 3rd International Conference On Public Policy. The Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy (NUS), Singapore.

Freeman, Mark and Ert, Van Gilbran. 2004. International Human Rights Law. Toronto, Canada.

Greenleaf, Graham. 2014. Asian Data Privacy Laws. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Goestsch, David Goestsch and Davis, Stanley B. 1997. Introduction to total quality : quality management for production, processing, and services. New Jersey : Prentice Hall.

H. Lallie, L. Shepherd, J. Nurse et.al. 2020. “Cyber Security in The Age of Covid-19: A Timeline and Analysis of Cyber-Crime and Cyber-Attacks during the Pandemic.” International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology. 10.22214/ijraset.2020.31216. Vol.8.

International Business Machines (lBM). 2020. COVID-19 Cyberwar: How to Protect Your Business. Research Insights.

Interpol General Secretariat. 2020. Cyber Crime: Covid-19 Impact. Lyon, France.

Jones, M.D., Shanahan, E.A., & McBeth, M.K. 2014. “Introducing the Narrative Policy Framework”. dalam M.D. Jones, E.A. Shanahan, & M.K. McBeth (Eds.), The Science of Stories: Applications of Narrative Policy Framework. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan.

Kasali, Rhenald. 2017. Disruption. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

Kurniawan, Sigit. 2020. Kondisi Keamanan Siber Indonesia. Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara (BSSN), bahan tayang.

McGuire, Mike, and Dowling, Samantha. 2013. Cyber Crime: A Review of Evidence. Research Report 75, Chapter2. Home Office.

Caroell, Noel and Conboy, Kieran. 2020. “Normalising the new normal: Changing Tech-Driven Work Practices Under Time Pressure”. International Journal of Information Management 55.

Ochs, Thomas, and Ute Riemann. Industry 4.0: How to manage transformation as the new normal. The Palgrave Handbook of Managing Continuous Business Transformation. Palgrave Macmillan, London, 2017. 245-272.

Ozdemir, Vural, and Hekim, Nezih. 2017. “Birth of Industry 5.0: Making Sense og Big Data with Artificial Intelligence, The Internet of Things and Next Generation Technology Policy.” OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology. http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/omics.

Radanliev, Petar, David De Roure, and Max Van Kleek. 2020. “Digitalization of COVID-19 pandemic management and cyber risk from connected systems”. https://iot.ieee.org/newsletter/may-2020/digitalization-of-covid-19- pandemic-management-and-cyber-risk-from-connected-systems.

Rahmawati, Ineu. 2017. “Analisis Manajemen Risiko Ancaman Kejahatan Siber (Cyber Crime) dalam Peningkatan Cyber Defense”. Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara. Vol.7.No.2.

Ramli, Kalamullah. 2020. Cerdas Bertelekomunikasi Untuk Menghindari Fraud: Tinjauan Kebijakan dan Regulasi. The Center for Cyber Awareness amd Resilience (id-CARE). Unversitas Indonesia.

Salahudin.2019. Filosofi dan Metodologi Narrative Policy Framework (NPF). Universitas Muhamadiyah Yogyakarta.

S. Hakak, W. Z. Khan, M. Imran, K. R. Choo and M. Shoaib. 2019. "Have You Been a Victim of COVID-19-Related Cyber Incidents? Survey, Taxonomy, and Mitigation Strategies." in IEEE Access, Vol. 8, pp. 124134-124144, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3006172.

Sunkpho, Jirapan., Sarawut Ramjan, Chaiwat Ottamakorn. 2018. “Cybersecurity Policy in ASEAN Countries”. Information Institute Conferences, Las Vegas, NV, March 26-28.

United Nation Office on Drug and Crime (UNODC). 2020. COVID-19: Cyber Threat Analysis.

Warren, Samuel and Brandeis, D, Louis. 1890.”The Right to Privacy.” Harvard Law Review. Vol.4 No.5

WHO. 2020. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int. diakses 15 November 2020.