TWITTER SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI KRISIS PEMIMPIN PEMERINTAHAN DI INDONESIA (STUDI GELOMBANG COVID-19 VARIAN DELTA DAN OMICRON)
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Abstract
Juli 2021, gelombang Delta menerpa Indonesia menjadikan negara dengan kasus harian COVID-19 terbanyak di dunia. Angka tersebut terlampaui pada Februari 2022 dengan kasus harian 55.000 orang. Cuitan Twitter presiden dan gubernur (Jawa Barat, D.K.I. Jakarta, Jawa Tengah, dan Jawa Timur) selama dua gelombang COVID-19 dikaji dengan menerapkan metode analisis isi untuk melihat perbedaan sifat cuitan antar satu akun dan antara gelombang Delta dengan Omicron. Cuitan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan gaya (request, first-person & second-person), strategi (information, bonding, & action), suasana (optimis, pesimis, netral, & nihil), dan tema (COVID-19, ekologi, ekonomi, politik pemerintahan, sosial budaya, sains). Dari 760 cuitan, 27 di antaranya dianalisis karena tidak memenuhi standar kalimat yang layak. Uji Chi-Square menunjukkan, Jokowi didominasi oleh pesan first-person, Ganjar didominasi pesan second-person, Anies didominasi pesan bonding, dan Khofifah didominasi pesan COVID-19 dibandingkan bukan COVID-19. Dari sisi jenis gelombang, membuktikan bahwa pesan request, first-person, aksi, dan COVID-19 berkurang secara signifikan saat gelombang Omicron dibandingkan gelombang Delta. Penggunaan cuitan optimis cenderung konsisten, baik di antara akun maupun gelombang. Potensi Twitter dalam penggunaan pesan bonding dan aksi sudah digunakan oleh kelima pemimpin. Perbedaan konsentrasi pesan COVID-19 dan aksi tetap perlu dilakukan dengan pertimbangan ahli terkait, terutama dalam kaitannya dengan kesehatan fisik dan mental masyarakat.
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