MEDIA SOSIAL: ANTARA KEBEBASAN DAN EKSPLOITASI
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Communication technology has contributed to any social change, from printing press, to internet which include social media. The Internet presence plays an important role in social events such as Revolution in Egypt, Arabic Spring in Middle east. In Indonesia, social media creates social cohesion as seen in the conflict between Corruption Eradication Commission of Indonesia (KPK) versus National Police or case of "Gecko vs Crocodile", and "Coins for Prita ". This paper will discuss the social media phenomenon and explain who get the most benefit from it. The results shows that participants feel having the freedom to participate in public space, circulate media content, and establish friendships. Actually, what happens in social media is exploitation by the conglomerates to media users. Participating in social networking media such as uploading of video, audio or article is like the unpaid workers. Social networking media owners benefit from the ads. instead. Youtube benefits from advertisers, and facebook and other social media do too. Contrarily, users do not realize that their activities are part of the elite media economic interests. Furthermore, in cyberspace, there is panoptic surveillance: participants are being monitored by the media, although they do not perceive it.
Keywords : Social Media; participation; panopticon
ABSTRAK
Teknologi komunikasi memiliki andil dalam setiap perubahan sosial, dari mulai lahirnya mesin cetak, radio, televisi, sampai internet yang di dalamnya terdapat aplikasi media sosial. Hadirnya internet memainkan peran penting dalam peristiwa sosial seperti di Mesir, peristiwa Arabic Spring. Di Indonesia, media sosial menciptakan kohesivitas sosial seperti nampak dalam peristiwa “Cicak & Buaya”, “koin untuk Prita”. Tulisan ini akan membahas fenomena media sosial serta menjelaskan siapa yang paling banyak diuntungkan dari penggunaan media sosial. Hasil diskusi menunjukkan bahwa partisipan merasa memiliki kebebasan dalam berpartisipasi dalam ruang publik, serta bisa menjalin hubungan pertemanan, bebas melakukan aktivitas sirkulasi konten media. Di balik itu semua, yang terjadi sebenarnya adalah partisipan dieksploitasi oleh para konglomerat yang menggunakan media baru, jejaring sosial untuk tujuannya ekonomi. Aktivitas partisipan dalam jejaring sosial seperti megunggah video, audio atau artikel tidak ubahnya seperti pekerja, buruh yang tidak dibayar. Sebaliknya pemilik media jejaring sosial mendapat keuntungan dari iklan yang masuk. Youtube mendapat keuntungan dari para pengiklan, begitu juga facebook, dan media sosial lainya. Ironisya para pengguna tidak menyadari bahwa apa yang dilakukan merupakan bagian dari kepentingan ekonomi elit media. Selain itu, di dunia maya terjadi pengawasan model panoptic : partisipan selalu diawasi oleh media walaupun tidak merasa diawasi.
Kata-Kata Kunci : Media Sosial; partisipasi; panopticon
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