Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Sosial Facebook dan Dukungan Sosial Online Terhadap Perilaku Pemberian Air Susu Ibu

Article Sidebar

PDF (Indonesian)
Published: Jun 24, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31445/jskm.2019.1942
Dimensions
Altmetrics
Statistics
Read Counter : 4104
Download : 11777
Crossmark/ Data Version

Main Article Content

Wichitra Yasya
Program Studi Komunikasi Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan - Fakultas Ekologi Manusia - Institut Pertanian Bogor
Pudji Muljono
Kudang Boro Seminar
Hardinsyah Hardinsyah

Abstract

Pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI) diketahui memberikan dampak positif pada kesehatan ibu dan anak sehingga dapat menunjang pembangunan dalam hal menciptakan sumber daya manusia yang sehat dan berkualitas tinggi. Namun, cakupan pemberian ASI di Indonesia belum sesuai target. Dukungan sosial yang diperoleh ibu dalam upayanya untuk menyusui adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan pemberian ASI. Seiring kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, dukungan sosial tidak hanya didapat dari lingkungan sekitar, tetapi bisa diperoleh online melalui media sosial, seperti Facebook. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan Facebook dan dukungan sosial online dengan perilaku pemberian ASI. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode purposive sampling, yaitu pada anggota group Facebook Asosiasi Ibu Menyusui Indonesia. Metode analisis data menggunakan path analysis atau Analisis Jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh tidak langsung positif dari penggunaan Facebook terhadap perilaku pemberian ASI yang dimediasi oleh variabel dukungan sosial online, sedangkan karakteristik ibu dan dukungan lingkungan tidak berpengaruh pada penggunaan Facebook maupun dukungan sosial online. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Facebook bagi ibu menyusui yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan perilaku pemberian ASI adalah jika Facebook digunakan untuk memperoleh dukungan sosial online.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 23 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Studi Komunikasi dan Media
Section
Articles

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
  2. Author grant the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  4. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
  5. The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

References

Amichai-Hamburger, Y., & Vinitzky, G. (2010). Social network use and personality. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(6), 1289–1295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.018

Ancok, D. (2012). Validitas dan Reliabilitas Instrumen Penelitian. In S. Effendi & Tukiran (Ed.), Metode Penelitian Survei. Jakarta (ID): LP3ES.

APJII. (2018). Penetrasi dan Perilaku Pengguna Internet Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia.

Asiodu, I. V, Waters, C. M., Dailey, D. E., Lee, K. A., & Correspondence, A. L. (2015). Breastfeeding and Use of Social Media Among First-Time African American Mothers. Jognn, 44, 268–278. https://doi.org/10.1111/1552-6909.12552

Astuti, D. D. (2018, April 3). Pengguna Facebook di Indonesia 115 juta. ANTARANews.com. Diambil dari https://www.antaranews.com/berita/697996/pengguna-facebook-di-indonesia-115-juta

Astuti, I. (2013). Determinan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Ibu Menyusui. Jurnal Health Quality, 4(1), 60–68.

Audelo, L. (2014). Connecting With Today’s Mothers: Breastfeeding Support Online. Clinical Lactation, 5(1), 16–19. https://doi.org/10.1891/2158-0782.5.1.16

Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc.

Bandura, A. (2004). Social cognitive theory for personal and social change by enabling media. In A. Singhal, M. J. Cody, E. M. Rogers, & M. Sabido (Ed.), Entertainment-education and social change: History, research, and practice (hal. 75–96). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410609595

Bandura, A. (2009). Social Cognitive Theory of Mass Communication. In J. Bryant & M. B. Oliver (Ed.), Media Effects: Advances in Theory and Research (hal. 121–153). New York.

BPS, BKKBN, & Kementerian Kesehatan. (2018). Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia 2017. Jakarta. Diambil dari https://e-koren.bkkbn.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Laporan-SDKI-2017-WUS.pdf

Braithwaite, D. O., Waldron, V. R., & Finn, J. (1999). Communication of social support in computer-mediated groups for people with disabilities. Health communication, 11(2), 123–151.

Bridges, N. (2016). The faces of breastfeeding support: Experiences of mothers seeking breastfeeding support online. Breastfeeding Review: Professional Publication Of The Nursing Mothers’ Association Of Australia, 24(1), 11–20.

Bridges, N., Howell, G., & Schmied, V. (2018). Exploring breastfeeding support on social media. International Breastfeeding Journal, 13(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-018-0166-9

Calvert, H. (2014). ‘Breast isn’t best, it’s just normal’. Nursing Children and Young People, 26(10), 15–15. https://doi.org/10.7748/ncyp.26.10.15.s23

Chuang, K. Y., & Yang, C. C. (2012). Interaction patterns of nurturant support exchanged in online health social networking. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1824

Clifford, J., & McIntyre, E. (2008). Who supports breastfeeding? Breastfeeding Review, 16(2), 9–19. Diambil dari http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23837663

Cowie, G., Hill, S., & Robinson, P. (2011). Using an online service for breastfeeding support: what mothers want to discuss. Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 22(2), 113–118. Diambil dari https://doi.org/10.1071/HE11113

Deetjen, U., & Powell, J. A. (2016). Informational and emotional elements in online support groups: A Bayesian approach to large-scale content analysis. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 23(3), 508–513. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocv190

Diviani, N., van den Putte, B., Giani, S., & van Weert, J. C. (2015). Low Health Literacy and Evaluation of Online Health Information: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 17(5), e112. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4018

Doty, J. L., & Dworkin, J. (2014). Online Social Support for Parents: A Critical Review. Marriage & Family Review, 50(2), 174–198. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2013.834027

Duggan, M., Page, D., & Greenwood, S. (2016). Social Media Update 2016. Diambil 30 Desember 2016, dari http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/11/11/social-media-update-2016/

Fikawati, S., & Syafiq, A. (2010). Kajian implementasi dan kebijakan air susu ibu ekslusif dan inisiasi menyusui dini di Indonesia. Makara Kesehatan, 14(1), 17–24.

Geoghegan-Morphet, N., Yuen, D., Rai, E., Angelini, M., Christmas, M., & da Silva, O. (2014). Development and Implementation of a Novel Online Breastfeeding Support Resource: The Maternal Virtual Infant Nutrition Support Clinic. Breastfeeding Medicine, 9(10), 520–523. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2014.0051

Giglia, R., & Binns, C. (2014). The effectiveness of the internet in improving breastfeeding outcomes: a systematic review. Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association, 30(2), 156–160. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334414527165

Gray, J. (2013). Feeding On the Web: Online Social Support in the Breastfeeding Context. Communication Research Reports, 30(April 2015), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2012.746219

Hahn-Holbrook, J., Schetter, C. D., & Haselton, M. G. (2013). The advantages and disadvantages of breastfeeding for maternal mental and physical health. In M. Spiers, G. P, & K. J (Ed.), Women’s Health Psychology (hal. 414–439). New Jersey: Wiley.

Harris, R. J., & Sanborn, F. W. (2014). A Cognitive Psychology of Mass Communication (6th ed.). New York [US]: Routledge.

Hether, H. J., Murphy, S. T., & Valente, T. W. (2014). It’s Better to Give Than to Receive: The Role of Social Support, Trust, and Participation on Health-Related Social Networking Sites. Journal of Health Communication, 19(12), 1424–1439. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2014.894596

Hogg, M. A., & Vaughan, G. M. (2011). Social Psychology. New York [US]: Pearson.

Iftikhar, R., & Abaalkhail, B. (2017). Health-Seeking Influence Reflected by Online Health-Related Messages Received on Social Media: Cross-Sectional Survey. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(11), e382. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5989

Jang, J., & Dworkin, J. (2014). Does social network site use matter for mothers? Implications for bonding and bridging capital. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 489–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.02.049

Jang, J., Hessel, H., & Dworkin, J. (2017). Parent ICT use, social capital, and parenting efficacy. Computers in Human Behavior, 71, 395–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.02.025

Jin, S. V., Phua, J., & Lee, K. M. (2015). Telling stories about breastfeeding through Facebook: The impact of user-generated content (UGC) on pro-breastfeeding attitudes. Computers in Human Behavior, 46, 6–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.12.046

Joinson, A. N. (2008). Looking at, looking up or keeping up with people? In Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI ’08 (Vol. 1, hal. 1027). New York, New York, USA: ACM Press. https://doi.org/10.1145/1357054.1357213

Kang, I., Lee, K. C., Lee, S., & Choi, J. (2007). Investigation of online community voluntary behavior using cognitive map. Computers in Human Behavior, 23(1), 111–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2004.03.039

Kementerian Kesehatan. (2015). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2014. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Vol. 51). Jakarta [ID]. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173

Kementerian Kesehatan. (2018). Hasil Utama RISKESDAS 2018. Jakarta [ID]: Balitbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan.

Keyton, J. (2006). Communication Research: asking questions, finding anwers (4th ed.). New York [US]: McGraw-Hill.

Kietzmann, J. H., Hermkens, K., McCarthy, I. P., & Silvestre, B. S. (2011). Social media? Get serious! Understanding the functional building blocks of social media. Business Horizons, 54(3), 241–251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2011.01.005

Kurniawan, B. (2013). Determinan Keberhasilan Pemberian Air Susu Ibu Eksklusif. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, 27(4), 236–240. Diambil dari http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=81372&val=4387

Lampe, C., Ellison, N., & Steinfield, C. (2006). A Face(Book) in the Crowd: Social Searching vs. Social Browsing. In Proceedings of the 2006 20th Anniversary Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (hal. 167–170). New York, NY, USA: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/1180875.1180901

Lee, R. L., & Kvasny, L. M. (2013). Understanding the role of social media in online health: A global perspective on online social support. First Monday, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v19i1.4048

McKeever, R., & McKeever, B. W. (2017). Moms and Media: Exploring the Effects of Online Communication on Infant Feeding Practices. Health Communication, 32(9), 1059–1065. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1196638

Meedya, S., Fahy, K., & Kable, A. (2010). Factors that positively influence breastfeeding duration to 6 months: A literature review. Women and Birth, 23(4), 135–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2010.02.002

Moorhead, S. A., Hazlett, D. E., Harrison, L., Carroll, J. K., Irwin, A., & Hoving, C. (2013). A new dimension of health care: systematic review of the uses, benefits, and limitations of social media for health communication. Journal of medical Internet research, 15(4), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1933

Muljono, P. (2015). Mengukur Perilaku Sosial. Jakarta [ID]: ALIMA eBook.

Niela-Vilén, H., Axelin, A., Melender, H. L., & Salanterä, S. (2015). Aiming to be a breastfeeding mother in a neonatal intensive care unit and at home: A thematic analysis of peer-support group discussion in social media. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 11(4), 712–726. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12108

Nolan, S., Hendricks, J., & Towell, A. (2015). Social networking sites (SNS); exploring their uses and associated value for adolescent mothers in Western Australia in terms of social support provision and building social capital. Midwifery, 31(9), 912–919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2015.05.002

Nurfirdauzi, R. A., & Sutopo. (2014). Peran Media Komunikasi Facebook Asosiasi Ibu Menyusui Indonesia Terhadap Persepsi Ibu Menyusui Dalam Melaksanakan Program ASI Eksklusif. Journal of Rural and Development, 5(215–225).

Oh, H. J., Lauckner, C., Boehmer, J., Fewins-Bliss, R., & Li, K. (2013). Facebooking for health: An examination into the solicitation and effects of health-related social support on social networking sites. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(5), 2072–2080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.04.017

Padoa, T., Berle, D., & Roberts, L. (2018). Comparative Social Media Use and the Mental Health of Mothers With High Levels of Perfectionism. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 37(7), 514–535. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2018.37.7.514

Pajares, F. (2002). Self-efficacy beliefs in academic contexts: An outline. Diambil 18 Februari 2016, dari http://www.uky.edu/~eushe2/Pajares/efftalk.html

Park, N., Kee, K. F., & Valenzuela, S. (2009). Being Immersed in Social Networking Environment: Facebook Groups, Uses and Gratifications, and Social Outcomes. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 12(6), 729–733. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2009.0003

Raacke, J., & Bonds-Raacke, J. (2008). MySpace and Facebook: Applying the Uses and Gratifications Theory to Exploring Friend-Networking Sites. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(2), 169–174. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.0056

Rachmadewi, A., & Khomsan, A. (2009). Pengetahuan, Sikap, Dan Praktek ASI Eksklusif Serta Status Gizi Bayi Usia 4-12 Bulan Di Pedesaan Dan Perkotaan. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 4(2), 83–90.

Riordan, J., & Wambach, K. (2010). Breastfeeding and Human Lactation. Sudbury, MA [US]: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.

Sentra Laktasi Indonesia. (2016). Buku Panduan Peserta Pelatihan Konseling Menyusui Modul 40 Jam WHO/UNICEF. Jakarta [ID]: Sentra Laktasi Indonesia.

Severin, W. J., & Tankard, J. W. (2011). Teori Komunikasi: Sejarah, Metode, & Terapan di dalam Media Massa (Ed ke-5). Jakarta (ID): Kencana.

Sopiah, N. (2013). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penggunaan Media Facebook. Jurnal Imiah MATRIK, 15(3), 165–174.

Sriningsih, I. (2011). Faktor Demografi, Pengetahuan Ibu tentang Air Susu Ibu dan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 6(2), 100–106. https://doi.org/ISSN 1858-1196

Supradono, B., & Hanum, A. N. (2011). Peran Sosial Media Untuk Manajemen Hubungan dengan Pelanggan Pada Layanan E-Commerce. Value Added| Majalah Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(2).

Thirumalai, M., & Ramaprasad, A. (2015). Ontological Analysis of the Research on the Use of Social Media for Health Behavior Change. In 2015 48th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (hal. 814–823). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2015.103

Thulier, D., & Mercer, J. (2009). Variables associated with breastfeeding duration. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing: Clinical Scholarship for the Care of Women, Childbearing Families, & Newborns, 38(3), 259. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.2009.01021.x

Valtchanov, B. L., Parry, D. C., Glover, T. D., & Mulcahy, C. M. (2014). Neighborhood at your Fingertips: Transforming Community Online through a Canadian Social Networking Site for Mothers. Gender, Technology and Development, 18(2), 187–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0971852414529481

Victora, C. G., Bahl, R., Barros, A. J. D., França, G. V. A., Horton, S., Krasevec, J., … Rollins, N. C. (2016). Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. The Lancet, 387(10017), 475–490. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7

Walters, D., Horton, S., Siregar, A. Y. M., Pitriyan, P., Hajeebhoy, N., Mathisen, R., … Rudert, C. (2016). The cost of not breastfeeding in Southeast Asia. Health Policy and Planning, 31(8), 1107–1116. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw044

World Health Organization. (2003). Global strategy for infant and young child feeding. Geneva (CH): World Health Organization.

World Health Organization. (2015). WHO | Global targets 2025. Diambil 13 Juni 2016, dari http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/nutrition_globaltargets2025/en/#