Media dan Pandemi: Frame tentang Pandemi COVID-19 dalam Media Online di Indonesia (Studi pada Portal Berita Kompas.com dan Detik.com)
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the frame used by the media in the Covid-19 coverage in Indonesia on the Kompas.com and detik.com news portals during March 2020. The method used is framing analysis with three indicators, namely, frame type, news source, and news tone. The results showed that in the Covid-19 coverage in Indonesia the media used two dominant frames, namely, (1) the public health frame to show the aspects of victims, risks, and threats of Covid-19 and (2) the policy frame to frame the government's strategy in handling Covid-19. In the reporting of Covid-19, the Central Government such as the Ministry of Health, the Government Spokesperson on the Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling Covid-19, and the President of the Republic of Indonesia. As for the news tone, the two media studied showed that the narrative of fear and worry is the dominant tone. While the recommended tone and instructions as well as the tone of hope and solution are not displayed by too much media. This research recommends that the media and journalists use narratives that build expectations and provide solutions for the public because the Covid-19 disaster increased public uncertainty.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis frame yang digunakan media dalam pemberitaan Covid-19 di Indonesia pada portal berita kompas.com dan detik.com selama bulan Maret 2020. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis framing dengan tiga indikator, yaitu, jenis frame, narasumber berita, dan tone berita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pemberitaan Covid-19 di Indonesia media menggunakan dua bingkai dominan, yaitu, (1) frame kesehatan publik untuk menunjukkan aspek korban, risiko, dan ancaman Covid-19 dan (2) frame kebijakan untuk membingkai strategi pemerintah dalam penanganan Covid-19. Narasumber pemberitaan Covid-19 adalah Pemerintah Pusat seperti Kementerian Kesehatan, Juru Bicara Pemerintah pada Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19, dan Presiden. Untuk tone berita, dua media yang diteliti menunjukkan narasi ketakutan dan kekhawatiran merupakan tone dominan, sedangkan tone anjuran dan instruksi serta tone harapan dan solusi tidak terlalu banyak ditampilkan media. Riset ini merekomendasikan agar media dan jurnalis menggunakan narasi yang membangun harapan dan memberikan solusi bagi publik karena bencana Covid-19 meningkatkan ketidakpastian khalayak.
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