RISET DESAIN DALAM METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
Main Article Content
Abstract
Research design is one of the stages that must be passed or made in order that research achieved its
objectives. Research design is a work plan to make a construction that every question can be
answered. In conducting the study, a researcher must have a research paradigm that explains
researcher’s view in understanding a problem, and the testing criteria as the basis for answering the
research problem. In general, the research paradigm is classified into two groups: quantitative
research (positivist) and qualitative research (phenomenology / postpositivist). Quantitative approach
based on the positivist paradigm, namely how to getto the truth of empirical science by using human
senses and keeping track of the outside perspective. Meanwhile, a qualitative approach is based on the
paradigm of phenomenology, which states that the essence of meaning or truth can be gained through
human interaction; and hence it is not value free. Some designs are typically used in social research is
explanatory, that examine the relationship or influence between the hypothesized variables:
descriptive, which is the research that gives a clearer picture about social situations, and
experimental, the trials or experiments to test the hypothesis in conditions where one or several
variables can be controlled.
Riset desain merupakan salah satu tahapan yang harus dilalui atau dibuat oleh seorang peneliti agar
penelitan yang akan dilakukan dapat terlaksana sesuai dengan tujuan yang akan dicapai. Riset desain
adalah sebuah rencana kerja dengan membuat sebuah konstruksi agar setiap pertanyaan dapat
ditemukan jawabannya. Dalam melakukan penelitian, seorang peneliti tentu memiliki paradigma
penelitian yang menjelaskan bagaimana cara pandang peneliti memahami suatu masalah, serta kriteria
pengujian sebagai landasan untuk menjawab masalah penelitian. Secara umum, paradigma penelitian
diklasifikasikan dalam dua kelompok yaitu penelitian kuantitatif (positivis) dan penelitian kualitatif
(fenomenologi/postpositivis). Pendekatan kuantitatif didasari oleh paradigma positivis, yaitu
bagaimana cara mendapatkan kebenaran dalam ilmu pengetahuan secara empiris dengan
menggunakan indera manusia dan melacak dari sudut pandang luar. Sementara itu pendekatan
kualitatif didasari oleh paradigma fenomenologi, yang menyatakan bahwa esensi makna atau
kebenaran dapat diperoleh melalui interaksi manusia; oleh karena itu tidak bebas nilai. Beberapa
desain yang biasanya digunakan dalam penelitian sosial adalah eksplanasi, yaitu menguji hubungan
atau pengaruh antar-variabel yang dihipotesiskan; deskriptif, yaitu merupakan penelitian yang
memberi gambaran yang lebih jelas tentang situasi-situasi sosial; dan eksperimental, yaitu percobaan
atau eksperimen untuk melakukan tes hipotesis dalamkondisi di mana satu atau beberapa variabelnya
dapat dikontrol.
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Copyright on any article is retained by the author(s).
- Author grant the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
References
Adi, Rianto. 2004. Metodologi Penelitian Sosial dan Hukum. Jakarta: Granit.
Azwar, Saifuddin. 2010. Metode Peneltian.Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar
Bungin, Burhan. 2001. Metodologi Penelitian Sosial. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.
Creswell, John W. 1994. Research Design: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. California: Sage
Publications, Inc.
Lincoln, Yvonna S. Dan Egon G. Guba. 1985. Naturalistic Inquiry. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications
Moleong, Lexy. J. 1989. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: P.T. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nasution, S. 2002. Metode Research. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Nazir, Moh. 1998. Metode Penelitian, Jakarta : Ghalia Indonesia.
Poerwandari, Kristi. 2001. Pendekatan Kualitatif Untuk Penelitian Perilaku Manusia. Jakarta:
LPSPPP, Fakultas Psikologi UI.
Widi, Restu Kartiko. 2010. Asas Metodologi Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu