The Urban and Rural Family Communication in The Communication Technology Era (Komunikasi Keluarga Kota dan Desa di Era Teknologi Komunikasi)
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Abstract
This is a research to explore the familial communication pattern in the era of communication technology. There are three domains that being explored in this research: the face to face communication, internet mediated communication, and the family communication pattern theory. This is a quantitative research. The primary data derives from survey in 12 provinces with sample of 1,189 respondents. There are two hypotheses that being tested: 1) the usage of communication technology (internet) has profund impact to the face to face communication; 2 )the usage of communication technology (internet) has profund impact to the family communication pattern. The Pearson chi-square is conducted to test the significant relations of these hypotheses. The result: the communication technology has profund impact to the family communication pattern, but not to the face to face communication. The internet communication duration in family is relatively low both in urban and rural. However, high duration and frequency of face to face communication in family is found in urban than rural. The dominant family communication type is consensual which means high dialogue and conformity.
Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi kecenderungan tipe komunikasi dalam lingkungan keluarga di era teknologi komunikasi. Setidaknya tiga hal yang dieksplorasi dalam penelitian ini: pola komunikasi tatap muka, pola komunikasi via internet, serta tipe komunikasi keluarga berdasarkan teori pola komunikasi keluarga. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengumpulan data primer melalui survei pada 12 provinsi dengan jumlah sampel responden mencapai 1.189 orang. Dua hipotesis yang diuji: 1) penggunaan teknologi komunikasi (internet) berdampak signifikan terhadap komunikasi tatap muka; dan 2) penggunaan teknologi komunikasi berdampak pada komunikasi keluarga. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah uji kedua hipotesis dengan pearson chi-square terdapat teknologi komunikasi berdampak signifikan terhadap tipe komunikasi keluarga, tetapi tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap komunikasi tatap muka. Hasil survei menemukan bahwa durasi komunikasi via internet dengan anggota keluarga rendah, baik di kota maupun desa. Durasi dan frekuensi komunikasi tatap muka yang tinggi hanya ditemukan di kota, tidak di desa. Tipe komunikasi keluarga yang dominan adalah konsensual baik di kota maupun desa. Artinya, komunikasi dialogis antara orang tua dan anak tinggi, tetapi orang tua memegang kendali dalam pengambilan keputusan di dalam keluarga.
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