Konstruksi Humas Dalam Tata Kelola Komunikasi Lembaga Pendidikan Tinggi di Era Keterbukaan Informasi Publik

Main Article Content

Rachmat Kriyantono

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan tata kelola komunikasi lembaga pendidikan tinggi di era keterbukaan informasi publik, sebagai bagian fungsi pelayanan public. Peneliti mengeksplorasi konstruksi humas, melalui wawancara mendalam, dalam tata kelola komunikasi lembaga pendidikan tinggi terkait dengan prinsip-prinsip teori Excellence. Excellence theory in public relations adalah teori yang mendominasi kajian humas sehingga dinilai sebagai teori normatif, yaitu sebagai ukuran standar humas yang efektif. Era keterbukaan informasi makin menjadi tantangan bagi humas dalam penyediaan informasi karena publik makin menyadari haknya memperoleh informasi. Informasi ini dibutuhkan untuk menginterpretasi kebijakan publik dan upaya-upaya publik untuk memonitor lingkungannya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara umum humas lembaga pendidikan tinggi telah melaksanakan tata kelola komunikasi dengan standar cukup baik, meskipun tidak semua prinsip excellence diadopsi sama. Perlu perubahan paradigma agar humas juga fokus pada publik internal, bukan hanya eksternal, menempatkan humas pada posisi yang lebih tinggi dalam struktur kelembagaan dengan kewenangan yang lebih baik serta perlu peran pimpinan dalam menyediakan sumber daya yang baik.

Article Details

Section
Communication

References

Ardianto, E. (2004). Teori dan Metodologi Riset Public Relation. Journal of Mediator, 5(2), 231-241.

Ayish, M. I. (2003). Beyond western-oriented communication theories a normative Arab-Islamic perspective. Journal of the European Institute for Communication and Culture, 10(2), 79-92.

Berger, C. R., & Chaffee, S. H. (1987). Handbook of communication science. London: Sage Publication.

Botan, C. H., & Hazleton, V. (2009). Public relations theory II. New York: Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.

Bowen, S. A., Rawlins, B., & Martin, T. (2010). Best practice for excellence in public relations from overview of the public relations function. Harvard: Harvard Business Publishing.

Cameron, G.T., Cropp, F., & Reber, B.H. (2001). Getting Past Platitudes: Factors Limiting Accomodation in Public Relations. Journal of Communication Management, 5 (3), 242-261.

Culbertson, H. M., Jeffers, D. W., Stone, D. B., & Terrell, M. (1993). Social, Political, and Economic Contexts in Public Relations: Theory and Cases. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publisher.

Cutlip, S., Center, A., & Broom, G. (2009). Effective Public Relations. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group.

Evans, A., Twomey, J., & Talan, S. (2011). Twitter as a Public Relations Tool. Public relations Journal, 5(1), 1-20.

Fawkes, J. (2004). What is Public Relations. In A. Theaker (Ed.), The Public Relations Handbook. New York: Routledge.

Gower, K. K. (2006). Public Relations Research at The Crossroads. Journal of Public Relations Research, 18(2), 177-190.

Greenwood, C. A. (2010). Evolutionary Theory: The Missing Link for Conseptualizing Public Relations. Journal of Publis Relations Research, 22(4), 456-476.

Grunig, J. E., & Hunt, T. (1984). Managing Public Relations. New York: Rinehart & Winston, Inc.

Grunig, L. A., Grunig, J. E., & Dozier, D. M. (Eds.). (2002). Excellence public relations and effective organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Grunig, J.E. (2006). Furnishing The Edifice: Ongoing Research on Public Relations as a Strategic Management Function. Journal of Public Relations Research, 18, 151–176.

Hallahan, K. (1999). Seven Model of Framing: Implications for Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 11(3), 205-242.

Harrison, Kim. (2009). Strategic Public Relations: A Practical Guide to Success. Perth: Century Group.

Huang-Horowitz, N. C. (2012). Conceptualizing a Theoretical Model for The Practice of Public Relations in The Small Business Environment. Public Relations Journal of Public Relations Society of America, 6, 1-35.

Ihlen, O., & Ruler, B. v. (2009). Introduction: Applying Social Theory to Public Relations. In O. Ihlen, B. v. Ruler & M. Frederiksson (Eds.), Public Relations and social theory: Key figures and concepts. New York: Routledge Taylor Francis Group.

Johansson, C. (2007). Goffman’s Sociology: An Inspiring Resource for Developing Public Relations Theory. Public Relations Review, 33, 275-280.

Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (2007). Beyond Excellence: Extending The Generic Approach to International Public Relations The Case of Bosnia. Public Relations Review, 33, 10-20.

Kent, M. L., & Taylor, M. (2002). Toward a Dialogic Theory of Public Relations. Public Relations Review, 28, 21-37.

Kim, S-H., Han, M., Shanahan, J., & Berdayes, V. (2004). Talking on ‘Shunsine in North Korea: A Test of Spiral of Silence as a Theory of Powerfull Mass Media. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 16 (1), 39-62.

Kriyantono, R. (2014a). Teori Public Relations Perspektif Barat dan Lokal: Aplikasi Penelitian & Praktik. Jakarta: Prenada Media.

Kriyantono, R. (2014b). Teknik Praktis Riset Komunikasi. Jakarta: Prenada Media.

Lane, Anne. 2005. Pushing the River Upstream: Two-Way Public Relations and How to Do it. Asia Pasific Public Relations Journal, 6(2), 1-17.

Lattimore, D., Baskin, O., Heiman, S., & Toth, E. L. (2007). Public Relations: The Profession and The Practice. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Mann, C., & Stewart, F. (2002). Internet Communication Qualitative Research: A Handbook for Researching Online. California: Sage Publication.

McQuail, D. (2000). Some Reflections on the Bias of Media Theory. Asian Journal of Communication, 10(2), 1-13.

Mulyana, D. (2000). Pengantar Ilmu Komunikasi. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.

Neuman, W. L. (2006). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Boston: Pearson.

Parthawa, P.B., Kriyantono, R., & Wisadirana. (2015). A Test of Five-Factor Model on Different Roles of Government and Private Public Relations Practitioners in Indonesia. Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 15(4), 17-22.

Pasadeos, Y., Berger, B., & Renfro, R. B. (2010). Public Relations as a Maturing Discipline: An Update on Research Networks. Journal of Public Relations Research, 22(2), 136-158.

Rakhmat, J. (2008). Psikologi Komunikasi. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.

Rhee, Y. (2004). The Employee-Public-Organization Chain in Relationship Management: A Case Study of a Government Organization. Journal of Doctoral Dissertation, 16-45.

Sallot, L. M., Lyon, L. J., Acosta-Alzura, C. A., & Jones, K. O. (2003). From Aardvark to Zebra: A New Millennium Analysis of Theory Development in Public Relations Academic Journals. Journal of Public Relations Research, 15(1), 27-90.

Scheufele, D.A., & Moy, P. (2000). Twenty-Five Years of The Spiral of Silence: An a Conceptual Review and Empirical Outlook. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 12 (1), 3-29.

Sisco, H. F., Collins, E. L., & Zoch, L. M. (2011). Breadth or Depth? A Content Analysis of The Use of Public Relations Theory. Public Relations Review, 37, 145-150.

Skerlep, A. (2001). Re-Evaluating The Role of Rhetoric in Public Relations Theory and in Strategies of Corporate Discourse. Journal of Communication Management, 6(2), 176-188.

Syahri, M. A., Kriyantono, R. & Nasution, Z. (2015). An Explanative Study on The Different Perceptions of Journalists Toward Media Relations of Governmental and Private Public, Asian Journal of Humanities & Social Sciences, 3(1), 36-48.

Wakefield, I. R. (2011). “World-Class” Public Relations One Decade Later: Does The Model Still Apply? Public Relations Journal of Public Relations Society of America, 5, 1-25.

Wehmeier, S. (2009). Out of The Fog and Into The Future: Directions of Public Relations, Theory Building, Research and Practice. Canadian Journal of Communication, 34(2), 265-282.

Wimmer, R. D., & Dominick, J.R. (2011). Massa Media Research: An Introduction. California: Wadsworth Publishing Company.

Wu, M.-Y. (2005). Can American Public Relations Theories Apply to Asian Cultures? Public Relations Quarterly,50(3),23-27.