Kesenjangan Digital dan Solusi yang Diterapkan di Indonesia Selama Pandemi COVID-19

Isi Artikel Utama

Ria Jayanthi
Anggini Dinaseviani

Abstrak

The digital divide is a crucial issue in developing countries. Indonesia needs to find elite solutions to solve the issue. By looking at the speedy development of telecommunications and the cheapening of information technology, especially the internet, the expectation is to lower the digital gap problems. By this time,  the digital divide discoursing is mostly associated with the availability of access and infrastructure, even though good digital capabilities are a prerequisite for digital equality. This study aims to observe how the conditions of the digital divide in Indonesia and the way to solve it presented by the government or individuals to overcome the digital divide. Using the descriptive qualitative method in this research is to illustrate the restrictions of the digital divide between provinces and regions in Indonesia and what solutions have been taken to address the digital divide in Indonesia. This study concludes that the enlargement of internet access in Indonesia has not been linear with the digital competency of its people. It includes motivation to be more productive using the internet, get useful information and use it for productive activities that can improve the economy.

Rincian Artikel

Bagian
Articles
Biografi Penulis

Ria Jayanthi, Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Kedeputian Kebijakan Riset dan Inovasi

Anggini Dinaseviani, Badan Riset Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)

Kedeputian Kebijakan Riset dan Inovasi

Referensi

Baru, V. P., Djunaedi, A., & Herwangi, Y. (2019). Tahap Pengembangan Smart Kampung di Desa Ketapang Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Jurnal Planoearth, 4(2), 68. https://doi.org/10.31764/jpe.v4i2.1000

Biro Pusat Statistik (BPS), “Persentase Rumah Tangga yang Pernah Mengakses Internet dalam 3 Bulan Terakhir Menurut Provinsi dan Klasifikasi Daerah 2018-2020,” (2022) https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/2/398/1/persentase-rumah-tangga-yang-pernah-mengakses-internet-dalam-3-bulan-terakhir-menurut-provinsi-dan-klasifikasi-daerah.html diakses 29 Mei 2022

Creswell, J. W. (1991). Research Design. In Sage (Vol. 8). https://doi.org/10.1163/22118993-90000268

Denzin, N. ., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). The Sage handbook of qualitative research (N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.)).

Dijk, & A.G.M, J. (2006). Digital Divide research, achievement, and shortcomings. Poetics, 34(4–5), 221–235.

Donner, J., & Marsden, G. (2011). Exploring Mobile-only Internet Use : Results of a Training Study in Urban South Africa. 5(January 2011), 574–597.

East Venture. (2020). Digital Competitiveness Index 2020 : Peluang dan Tantangan Ekonomi Digital di 34 Provinsi dan 24 Kota di Indonesia.

East Venture. (2021). Digital Competitiveness Index 2021 : Momentum Akselerasi Transformasi Ekonomi Digital. In Website Kementerian Komunikasi dan Informatika.

East Ventures. (2022). Digital Competitiveness Index 2022 : Menuju Era Keemasan Digital Indonesia.

Falaki, H., Lymberopoulos, D., Mahajan, R., Kandula, S., & Estrin, D. (2010). A first look at traffic on smartphones. Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM Internet Measurement Conference, IMC, 281–287. https://doi.org/10.1145/1879141.1879176

Hadi, A. (2018). Bridging Indonesia ’ s Digital Divide : Rural-Urban Linkages (Vol. 1, pp. 17–33). https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.31835.

Hadiyat, D. Y. (2014). Kesenjangan Digital di Indonesia (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Wakatobi. Jurnal Pekommas, 17(2, Agustus 2014), 81–90.

Behavior, 16(4), 441–449. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0747-5632(00)00017-0

Hobbs. (2010). Renee Essential competencies of Digital and Media Literacy: A Plan of Action. A project of the Aspen Institute Communications and Society Program and the John S. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED523244.pdf

IMD. (2020). IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking 2020. In IMD World Competitiveness Center. https://www.imd.org/globalassets/wcc/docs/release-2017/world_digital_competitiveness_yearbook_2017.pdf

International Telecommunication Union (ITU). (2018). Measuring the Information Society Report 2018. https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/misr2018.aspx

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), “Statistics,” (2020) https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx diakses 29 Mei 2022

International Telecommunication Union (ITU), “Press Release,” (2020) https://www.itu.int/en/mediacentre/Pages/PR-2021-11-29-FactsFigures.aspx diakses 29 Mei 2022

Karaboğa, T., Gürol, Y., Binici, C. M., & Sarp, P. (2021). Sustainable Digital Talent Ecosystem in the New Era: Impacts on Businesses, Governments and Universities. Istanbul Business Research, 49(2), 360–379. https://doi.org/10.26650/ibr.2020.49.0009

Katadata Insight Center, & Kominfo RI. (2021). Laporan Status Literasi Digital di Indonesia 2021.

Kominfo RI. (2020). Laporan Tahunan Kominfo 2020 : Indonesia Terkoneksi.

Kominfo RI, & Katadata Insight Center. (2020). Laporan Survei Literasi Digital Indonesia 2020. In Katadata Insight Center (Issue November).

Kurnia, N., & Astuti, S. I. (2017). Peta Gerakan Literasi Digital Di Indonesia: Studi Tentang Pelaku, Ragam Kegiatan, Kelompok Sasaran Dan Mitra Yang Dilakukan Oleh Japelidi. Informasi, 47(2), 149. https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v47i2.16079

McKinsey Global Institute. (2017). Technology, Jobs and The Future of Work (Issue February). https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Global Themes/Employment and Growth/Technology jobs and the future of work/MGI-Future-of-Work-Briefing-note-May-2017.ashx

Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis.

Mohanta, G., Debasish, S. S., & Nanda, S. K. (2017). A Study on Growth and Prospect of Digital India Campaign. Saudi Journal of Business and Management Studies, 727–731. https://doi.org/10.21276/sjbms

Mutaqqin, M. (2019). Internet Usage Behavior of the ICT Young Workforce in the Border Region. Journal Pekommas, 4(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.30818/jpkm.2019.2040102

Nafi’ah, B. A. (2021). Kesiapapan Kebijakan Digital Talent di Indonesia. Public Administration Journal of Research, 3, 1. https://doi.org/10.33005/paj.v3i1.75

Nugroho, C., & Nasionalita, K. (2020). Digital Literacy Index of Teenagers in Indonesia. Journal Pekommas, 5(2), 215. https://doi.org/10.30818/jpkm.2020.2050210

Onitsuka, K., Hidayat, A. R. T., & Huang, W. (2018). Challenges for the next level of digital divide in rural Indonesian communities. E J Info Sys Dev Countries, 84:e12021, 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/isd2.12021.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2001). Understanding the Digital Divide. OECD Digital Economy Papers, 49. https://doi.org/10.1787/236405667766

Pamungkas, R. B. (2021). Case Study Series #6: Siberkreasi dan Literasi Digital di Indonesia. FISIP UGM.

Pearce, K. E., & Rice, R. E. (2013). Digital Divides From Access to Activities: Comparing Mobile and Personal Computer Internet Users. Journal of Communication, 63(4), 721–744. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12045

Ragnedda, M., & Ruiu, M. L. (2017). Social capital and the three levels of digital divide. Routledge, 21–34. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315455334-3

Raja, M. T. M., Sutyaningsih, I. S., & Oktaviani, M. D. (2022). Identifikasi Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Penerapan Identitas Visual Pada Elemen Interior Coworking Space Digital Valley. Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE, 6(1), 130–134.

Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th ed.).

Song, Z., Wang, C., & Bergmann, L. (2020). China’s prefectural digital divide: Spatial analysis and multivariate determinants of ICT diffusion. International Journal of Information Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102072

Statista, “Number of smartphone users by leading countries in 2021 (in millions)” (2022) https://www.statista.com/statistics/748053/worldwide-top-countries-smartphone-users/ diakses 29 Mei 2022

Statista, “Countries with the biggest share of internet users in Asia as of June 2021, by country,” (2022) https://www.statista.com/statistics/272358/distribution-of-internet-users-in-asia-pacific-by-country/ diakses 29 Mei 2022

Statista, “Countries with the biggest share of internet users in Asia as of June 2021, by country,” (2022) https://www.statista.com/statistics/272358/distribution-of-internet-users-in-asia-pacific-by-country/ diakses 29 Mei 2022

Statista, “Forecast of the number of internet users in Indonesia from 2010 to 2025(in millions),” (2022) https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1144747/internet-users-in-indonesia diakses 29 Mei 2022

Swa, “Mengakses Internet dalam 3 Bulan Terakhir Menurut Provinsi dan,” (2018) https://swa.co.id/swa/csr-corner/ycab-foundation-dan-microsoft-ajak-siswa-kupang-melek-teknologi diakses 29 Mei 2022

United Nations of Economics and Social Affairs. (2016). ECOSOC special meeting on inequality. https://www.un.org/ecosoc/en/events/2016/ecosoc-special-meeting-inequality

United Nations Statistics Division. (2017). Sustainable development goals. https://sdgs.un.org/goals

Valdez, V. B., & Javier, S. P. (2020). Chapter Digital Divide: From a Peripheral to a Core Issue for all SDGs. In In book Reduced Inequalities (pp. 1–14). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71060-0_107-1

Varallyai, L., Herdon, M., & Botos, S. (2015). Statistical Analyses of Digital Divide Factors. Procedia Economics and Finance, 19, 364–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(15)00037-4

Yunistira, A., & Fudholi, D. H. (2020). Analisis Penerapan Model Business Intelligence pada Aplikasi Payment Point Online Banking dalam Meningkatkan Strategi Pemasaran (Studi Kasus: Aplikasi ApotikKuota). Jurnal Ilmu Komputer Dan Agri-Informatika, 7(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.29244/jika.7.1.1-10