KOMUNITAS VIRTUAL SEBAGAI BENTUK DUKUNGAN SOSIAL BAGI ORANG TUA YANG MEMILIKI ANAK DENGAN GANGGUAN SPEKTRUM AUTISME

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Published: Jan 21, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31346/jpikom.v20i2.2180
Keywords:
Orang tua, Anak ASD, Komunitas virtual, Dukungan sosial, Facebook
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Oktaviana Purnamasari
Bogor Agricultural Institute
Pudji Muljono
Kudang Boro Seminar
Dodik Briawan

Abstract

Ketika pertama kali mendengar diagnose autisme atau ASD pada anak mereka, orang tua seringkali merasa stress dan sangat membutuhkan dukungan sosial dari lingkungannya. Dukungan sosial menjadi penting agar orang tua dapat mengurangi stres dan mengurangi ketidakpastian terkait penanganan ASD pada anak mereka. Kehadiran komunitas virtual mempunyai implikasi yang cukup positif sebagai sarana bertukar informasi dan berkomunikasi dengan member lain yang memiliki masalah serupa tentang penanganan anak ASD. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan informasi apa saja yang dipertukarkan pada komunitas virtual dan mengidentifikasi peran komunitas virtual untuk anak ASD. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode etnografi virtual. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan content analysis dilakukan di Facebook LRD Member Suar Autisme dengan meneliti 178 unggahan dan 3.569 komentar dan wawancara mendalam pada admin. Data kemudian dikoding dengan menggunakan software NVivo 12 Pro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran komunitas adalah untuk mendapatkan dukungan sosial, baik berupa dukungan informasi maupun dukungan emosi. Pencarian dukungan informasi (informational support) terdiri dari dua tema besar yakni Penanganan Medis dan Penanganan Psikososial, sedangkan pencarian dukungan emosi (emotional support) meliputi Sharing Experience, Reinforcement, Empathy, serta Build Optimism and Hope.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 20 No. 2 (2019): Jurnal PIKOM (Penelitian Komunikasi dan Pembangunan)
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Articles

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Author Biography

Oktaviana Purnamasari, Bogor Agricultural Institute

PhD Candidate, Science Communication Department, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural Institute

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