DAMPAK PERMAINAN ELEKTRONIC GAME PADA IKATAN EMOSI ANAK DAN HILANGNYA SENSE OF PLACE ANAK PADA RUANG TERBUKA DI KELAPA GADING JAKARTA UTARA
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Abstract
Budaya bermain telah mengalami perubahan dalam dua dekade terakhir ini. Perubahan tersebut salah satunya diakibatkan oleh adanya media dan electronic game. Sebelumnya budaya bermain lebih berorientasi ke luar ruangan dan melibatkan banyak gerakan fisik, sekarang budaya bermain lebih berorientasi ke dalam ruangan dan cenderung tidak bergerak (sedentary). Penelitian ini ingin mengungkapkan perubahan budaya bermain yang disebabkan oleh electronic game dan implikasinya pada ikatan emosi anak-anak serta hilangnya sense of place anak-anak di ruang terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian etnografi, studi kasus dilakukan pada komunitas anak-anak usia sekolah dasar yang secara intensif menggunakan electronic game untuk rentang waktu yang cukup lama (5-6 tahun), berasal dari keluarga kecil berpendidikan modern, tinggal di lingkungan perkotaan dan lingkungan perumahan tertutup (gated community) di Kelapa Gading Jakarta Utara.. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa batasan orang tua akan kemandirian anak untuk bermain di luar menjadikan electronic game sebagai solusi orang tua yang kemudian mengakibatkan electronic game mengisi kekosongan dan menggeser budaya bermain sebelumnya. Penelitian ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa perubahan budaya bermain diakibatkan oleh pemaknaan anak-anak terhadap electronic game sebagai suatu pengalaman emosi positif yang menyenangkan. Perubahan budaya bermain juga mengakibatkan berkurangnya atau hilangnya sense of place anak-anak di ruang terbuka, yang diakibatkan oleh pemaknaan anak-anak terhadap ruang terbuka sebagai pengalaman akan rasa takut.
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