PENGARUH RELASI BUDAYA DALAM PESAN DAN SALURAN POLITIK TERHADAP SIKAP PEMILIH: STUDI KASUS DI PILKADA KOTA MEDAN TAHUN 2020
Article Sidebar
Read Counter : 1870
Main Article Content
Abstract
Kota Medan menjadi salah satu wilayah yang akan melaksanakan pemilihan umum kepala daerah (pilkada) langsung yang diselenggarakan secara serentak bersama 269 daerah lainnya. Kota Medan sendiri merupakan kota yang terdiri dari berbagai suku bangsa yang ada, baik suku bangsa yang berasal asli dari Sumatera Utara, maupun suku bangsa yang hadir dari Propinsi lain bahkan ada beberapa suku bangsa yang berasal dari luar Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengumpulkan informasi terkait dengan pesan politik yang menggunakan identitas budaya dan saluran politik yang digunakan peserta pemilu yang memungkinkan terjadinya perubahan sikap memilih dari para pemilih Kota Medan pada pelaksanaan Pilkada Kota Medan Tahun 2020. Kajian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui alat bantu kuesioner yang dilakukan kepada 400 orang responden dan dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2020. Analisis data dilakukan dengan cara deskriptif korelasional dengan uji korelasi pearson’s product moment dan regresi berganda (multiple regression) menggunakan alat bantu software SPSS 25.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa (1) sekitar 27,2 % adanya hubungan antara budaya dalam pesan politik terhadap sikap pemilih, (2) sekitar 50,2 % adanya hubungan antara saluran politik terhadap sikap pemilih, dan (3) adanya hubungan secara simultan antara budaya dalam pesan politik dan saluran politik terhadap sikap pemilih sebesar 36 %.
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Author (s) hold copyrights and retain copyrights of articles if the article is accepted for publishing.
- Author grant the journal, right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- The article and any associated published material is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Public allowed to Share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and Adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) this journal article content.
References
Adhani, A., P. Nashrudin, A., Tunggali, A. P. P. W., Maulana, A., Adriyani, A., Anggoro, A. D., & Amin, W. A. A. B. W. M. (2017). Komunikasi berkemajuan dalam dinamika media dan budaya. Yogyakarta: Litera.
Angga, D. (2019, June 17). 270 Daerah Selenggarakan Pilkada di Tahun 2020. Koran Sindo. https://nasional.sindonews.com/berita/1412175/12/270-daerah-selenggarakan-pilkada-di-tahun-2020
Anshori, A. (2018). Pengaruh Iklan Politik Terhadap Persepsi Pemilih Kota Medan Tahun 2018. Jurnal Interaksi: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(2), 132–144. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30596/interaksi.v2i2.2091
Azwar, S. (2011). Reliabilitas dan Validitas. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Born, A., van Eck, P., & Johannesson, M. (2018). An Experimental Investigation of Election Promises. Political Psychology, 39(3), 685–705. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12429
Chou, H., & Yeh, M. (2017). Minor language variations in campaign advertisements : The e ff ects of pronoun use and message orientation on voter responses. Electoral Studies, August, 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2017.10.006
Coxall, B., Robins, L., Leach, R., Coxall, B., Robins, L., & Leach, R. (2003). The mass media and politics. Contemporary British Politics, 156–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14821-9_10
Dupont, J. C., Bytzek, E., Steffens, M. C., & Schneider, F. M. (2019). Which kind of political campaign messages do people perceive as election pledges? Electoral Studies, 57, 121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2018.11.005
Eberl, J. M., & Plescia, C. (2018). Coalitions in the news: How saliency and tone in news coverage influence voters’ preferences and expectations about coalitions. Electoral Studies, 55(July), 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2018.07.004
Green, D. P., & Schwam-Baird, M. (2016). Mobilization, participation, and American democracy: A retrospective and postscript. Party Politics, 22(2), 158–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068815605678
Gurevitch, M., Coleman, S., & Blumler, J. G. (2009). Political communication -old and new media relationships. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 625(1), 164–181. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716209339345
Hanafiah, R. (2016). Bahasa Komunikasi Partai Politik Lokal di Aceh. Tangerang: Mahara Publishing.
Hassell, H. J. G. (2021). Local racial context, campaign messaging, and public political behavior: A congressional campaign field experiment. Electoral Studies, 69(October 2020), 102247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2020.102247
Humaizi, Yusuf, M., & Sinaga, R. S. (2019). The interest pattern of ethnic groups as supporters: A case study of pilkada of medan city in 2015. Intellectual Discourse, 27(1), 269–283.
Kobayashi, A. (2020). Identity Politics. In International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Second Edi, Vol. 7). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102295-5.10195-7
Matlock, T. (2012). Framing political messages with grammar and metaphor: how something is said may be as important as what is said. Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, 478. https://www.americanscientist.org/article/framing-political-messages-with-grammar-and-metaphor
Naurin, E. (2014). Is a Promise a Promise? Election Pledge Fulfilment in Comparative Perspective Using Sweden as an Example. West European Politics, 37(5), 1046–1064. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2013.863518
Neuman, W. (2014). Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches (7th ed.). Pearson Education Ltd.
Reyes, A. (2015). Building intimacy through linguistic choices, text structure and voices in political discourse. Language and Communication, 43, 58–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langcom.2015.05.002
Saleh, A., Rudianto, R., Anshori, A., & Adhani, A. (2021). Political Communication in Medan Regional Head Election during the Covid-19 Pandemic Komunikasi. Jurnal ASPIKOM, 6(1), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v6i1.849
Schermann, K., & Ennser-Jedenastik, L. (2014). Coalition Policy-Making under Constraints: Examining the Role of Preferences and Institutions. West European Politics, 37(3), 564–583. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2013.841069
Schuck, A. R. T., Vliegenthart, R., & De Vreese, C. H. (2014). Who’s Afraid of Conflict? the Mobilizing Effect of Conflict Framing in Campaign News. British Journal of Political Science, 46(1), 177–194. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123413000525
Siregar, S. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Jakarta: PT Fajar Interpratama Mandiri.
Sudijiono, A. (2012). Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suharyadi, & Purwanto. (2004). Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Thomson, R. (2011). Citizens’ evaluations of the fulfillment of election pledges: Evidence from Ireland. Journal of Politics, 73(1), 187–201. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022381610000952
Thomson, R., & Brandenburg, H. (2019). Trust and Citizens’ Evaluations of Promise Keeping by Governing Parties. Political Studies, 67(1), 249–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032321718764177
TJ, P. (2019, June 14). 23 Kabupaten/Kota di Sumut Ikut Pilkada serentak 2020. Gatra.Com. https://www.gatra.com/detail/news/421826/politic/23-kabupatenkota-di-sumut-ikut-pilkada-serentak-2020
Yamamura, E., & Sabatini, F. (2015). The impact of the media on voters’ attitude toward Junichiro Koizumi and his policy. Japan and the World Economy, 34–35, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japwor.2015.03.003